brandaleone



Patented 001e. M, m9.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

LOCK.

/f l I, fil. 15037@ A. BRANDALEO APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9| I9] 6.

A. BRANDALEONE. LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9| 191s.

1 ,3 l 8,8 3? I v Panted Oct. 14, 1919 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

III'

AW Y A III A. BRANDALEONE.

LocK. A APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9. 1916.

Patented Oct. 14,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- A es: inventer.'

in which the mechanism of the lock may be Y Laisser.

ALBERT BRANDALEONE, 0F NEW YORK, N'. Y.

LOCK.

LSpecification of Letters Patent.

rammed oet. 14, i919.'

y Application filed September B, 1916. Serial No. 119,175.

To all whom. 'it mf/ e/ concern Be it known that l, ALBERT BnANnALnoNE, a subject of the King of Italy, and a resident ot' the borough of Manhattan, in the county of New York, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful AImprovements in Locks, -ot' which the tollowing is a speciication.

The invention relates to locks, and particularly to locks adapted to lie-operated by a key or similar device, and among its objects are to provide a lock of this character adjusted to various positions so as to require a great variety of keys and a key which may be adjusted to meet all the Various adjustments or combinations ot' the lock; to protect the lock in such aI manner that it cannot be broken or opened by instruments 'other than the proper key; to provide. for the operation ot' the lock from the inside without a key and to so construct and ar'- range the parts that they will be relatively simple, easy toA manufacture, strong and durable and dependable in their operation. Other objects of the invention will appear to those skilled in the art trom the accompanying specications and drawings.

T he disadvantages of a key lock are universally recognized, and require no discussion. Combination locks of simple and inexpensive construction have been devised to take their place. The present improvements do not relate to either of these. The combination lock is objectionable for the reason that many persons are unable to remember combinations of figures, and further-.be :anse

- a eert-ain delay' is involved in opening a combination lock. By the present' improvements a lock is provided which may be varied to the extent of hundreds ot thousands of combinations in one form, and by a slight change of torni may be again and again made the subject of the same number of combinations, and which may be Yopened almost instantly by the insertion ofl a key. The combination may also be changed from timeto time `as desired so that it the key is lost or stolen or a house or locker or other inclosure provided with the lock passed into the hands ot' a new tenant or owner he can change the combination without making permanent change in any of the parts or ices of a skilled mechanic.

The improvements are illustrated in theaccompanying drawings in which- Figure l is a horizontal medial section4 of a lock embodying the improvements, taken on the line l-l of Fig. 2 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same with the knob on the inside ot' the lock shown in vertical section on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows, and with portions of the front casing broken away; Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3-3 of F l looking in the direction indicated by the arrows in that ligure; Fig. et is a vertical section on the line 4 4 of Fig. l looking in the direction indicated byfthe arrows; Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line of F ig. l looking in the direction indicated by he arrows; Fig. 6 is a longitudinal horiz( ntal section substantially the same as Fig. 1, but enlarged and showing the key therein; Fig. T is a horizontal medial section of the key taken longitudinally; F ig. S is an outside end View of the key; Fig. Sl is a vertical cross-section on the line 9--9 of Fig. 7, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows; Fig. 10 is a detail in perspective of one of the spacing rods of the combination mechanism ofthe'l'ock; Fig. 11 is a detail in perspective of one of the halves of the cylindrical outer casing of the lock mechanism; Fig. 12 is a detail in perspective of one of the tumbler rods with a set of of the nine blank hexagonal rings of the key,- Fig. 1l is a like view ot the six similar' rings with one lug, and Figs. l5, 16, 17 and 18 are like views of the similar rings of the key having each ve, four, three'and tWo 'lugs respectively.

' The barrel of the lock comprises `cylinders 1 and 2 in alinement and adapted to contain the 'operating parts of the lock. The cylinder l and the inner end of the cylinder 2 are inclosed in a cylindrical casing made in two semi-cylindrical parts 3 and 4. Near the middle of this casing is an annular internalilange 5 provided with six radial projections of uniform size and int gral therewith, and this flange separates the inner ends of the cylinders l and 2.

Sir-d The cylinder 2 is screw-tapped into the end of the knob 7 at 8 and turns therewith, and the cylinder 1 is .turned by the key when set to the proper combination. The turning of either l or 2 causes the casing composed of the parts 3 and 4 to turn and with it turn the bolt, to the shank l0 of which it is keyed at 9. The bolt 11 is arc-shaped and its keeper or socket 12 is similarly shaped so that when the said bolt is rotated by the turning of its shank 10 it will pass through the said keeper or socket to lock or unlock the door. The knob 7 has a central bore to receive the cylinder 2 and the partscontained therein and is provided with a spring latch 13 by the movement of which longitudinally of the knob or handle the engaging portion of the bolt is Withdrawn from the notch 15 in the plate 16 so that the knob may be turned to lock or unlock the door. The plate 16 has a notch 15 on both sides, located 1,80 degrees apart and by this provision the knob-on the inside of the door may be released and turned one-half a revolution to lock or unlock the door and held.

in the position to which it is turned. The spring 17 holds the latch normally in the notch. The knob is held in position on the plate by means of the screws 18, threaded `into the collar 20`of the plate the inner ends of which engage the annular slot 19 of the knob. The lock is secured to the door by means of the plate 21 to which the inturned edges 22 of the plate 16 are secured by means of machine screws or other suitable fastenings.

A mechanism o Within the cylinder 2, and extending into the inner end of 3 is a tube 23 concentric therewith and between it and the former the compression springs 24 are housed. The purposeof these springs is to restore the combination mechanism to its normal posi# tion when the key is withdrawn, and when the key is inserted in the lock the parts are moyed against the pressure of the said springs. y v

The princi al partsof the combination i) the lock are the rods 25 between the cylinder composed of the parts 3 and 4 and the tube l23, upon which are strung blocks 26. The rods-six in number-M and their blocks occupy the annular space at the outer end of the casing 1 between the said tube composed of the parts 3 and 4 and the tube 23, and the end or-guide block 27 on each rod 25 has a lug 28 which slides'in a slot 29 of 23, six of these slots being aron vided for the reception of these lugs. he

block 30 at the extreme inner end of each rod is threaded thereon and serves only the purpose of holding the others in position and A, abutting the spring; 24. The nine blocks 26 and half block 36 are the ones active in the operation of the combination, and each-.of the six rods is provided with @a retener a set of these blocks, as Well as of the end blocks 27 and. 30.. .The bars 31 space andv separate the rods 25 and their blocks and are also six in number. The side surfaces of the blocks being rounded so as to conform to the shape of these rods. The bars are stationary and extend from end to end of the barrel, running between the coiled springs 24 so that the said springs and the rods with their blocks Workbetween them. They are provided with coincident notches 32 at the ring 5 and of sufficient depth to permit the teeth or projections 6 to rotate through the notches.

The position of the half blocks 36 on their rods determines the combination to be set on the key, for the reason that they must register with the teeth (S in order to permit the cylinder 3, 4 to turn, and operate the bolt, since the blocks and their rods are held from rotation by the inside knob and latch 13, and the key must therefore engage the guide or pilot blocks 27 at points in its inward travel corresponding with the distance of the hah2 block 36 from the outer end of the rod. lVhen the key is home the ball'33 is in the socket 34 of the plug 35 fired in the end of the tube 23, and the lock turning portions of the key may then be turned to operate the lock, provided the proper combination has been set on the key.

The key consists of a hollow magazine handle 37 with turning:r disk 38 and a central shaft composed of a hexagonzl extremity 39 and round portion 40 with binding nut 41 and rings 42 and sleeve 43. the rings being held on the end of the shankby the head 45. The handle 37 of the key has av hexagonal bore which receives and contains the rings not in actual usein the particular combination set up on the outer part of the key and holds them against rotation. The s eeve 43 on the rounded portion of the key shaft has a round bore so that it may turn ltherein and a hexagonal surfaces ofthe rings, and the rings may be y taken olf and replaced tor setting or changing the combination by removing1 the nut 41 and, then removing the shaft 40yvith the said rings thereon and changing their re- .specti ve positions as required. The diameter and shape of the sleeve 43 and the hexagonal end 39 of the shaft are the same, and the head 45 corresponds in diameter and shane with the rings 42. Between the handle bf the kcyvand the outer portion 39 are four of the rings 42, and in the collar 44 at the end of the cylinder 8, 4 are longitudinal grooves 46 adapted to receive the lugs or flanges of the rings and to permit them to pass therethroultrh.v These grooves are in line Withthe slots 29, and as they, like the said slots, are six in number and arranged at angles of sixty degrees to each other, corblocks and rings 'can always pass into the. grooves 46 means fof the tightening nut 4\1 responding with the location of the lugs 48 on the rings 42, these lugs will always find passage therethrough.

The rings 42 ofthe key may be divided into six sets, as follows:

Six rings with one flange;

Nine rings with .two flanges;

Six rings with three flanges;

Three rings with four flanges, and One ring with five,

Une ring with six, and

Nine blanks.

The rings with flanges engage the lugs 28 I of the pilot blocks :274 on the ends of the rods 25, and must therefore be so positioned on the key as to engagent the proper point in the inward travel of the key to bring the half block 36 in line with the teeth 6 when the key is home. Therefore in setting the combination the blocks on the rods 25 or the ten rings on the hexagonal end oi' the key are first set, and the others set to correspond therewith. For instance, in the combination' shown partly' in Figs. l, (i and 7, one of the half' blocks is the fouith one from the outer end of the rod-not counting the pilot block 28-and the ring" with the flange intended to engage thatl string is therefore fourth from the forward end of the key, while the other half block is the, seventh from the end of its rod and the corresponding key ring seventh from the end of the key. y y

` Assuming that the combination illustrated in the said figures is 2 3 4 6 7 9, and assuming that the rings and blocks are numbered, from the outer extremity of the key andfrom the pilot block respectively, in addition to the members set at 4 and 7 the remaining four half blocks ringsmust 'be set at 2, 3, 6 and 9. It will be seen that the combinations possible arel so numerous as to be practically beyond the realm of chance discovery, and that these combinations may be changed from time to time as desired by .simply removing the vand rearranging them. 1t is also possible tohave a combination consisting of two or more numbers of the same denomination. This is provided for by the multiple flanged rings, and the set of rings a'bove enumerated is merely an example of the sets which maybe varied .within wide limits. v

In setting the combination 10 rings are set on .the outer hexagonal end of the key shaft and the remaining rings strung on the sleeve of ,the rounded portion indiscriminately/,since they do not enter into the combination proper, and the four outer of theml n0. matterv how manyv flanges they may have or where these flanges may be located. When thev rings are clamped on the key shaft b the key 1s' and four key ready for use, and'when inserted in the lock will cause the half blocks on the six rods toregister with the teeth 6 so that'whcn turned the lugs of the said tour rings will cause the Cylinder 3', 4 to revolve and operate the bolt. This turning movement is permitted by the registration of the spaces provided by the hall" blocks with the teeth, which will cheek the turning' movement under all other conditions.

The. setting or" the. lock is accomplished by withdrawing the kno'b 7` after releasing the set-Screw 18, and removing the cylinder 1 with the rods and their blocks therein.

rl-he guard-plate 4S) has a round easing 5U extending therefrom through the. door 5l and the boit operating cylinder rotated therein. It is threaded into the plate 2lA on the opposite side ofthe door and held by the set-screw 52. The socket 12 is in a mortis-e of the jamb 53.

What I claim isz. 1. The combination of a bolt, means adapted to extend through a door for operv ating said bolt, an operating `knob eonneeted with'one end of said means,'said means having a key aperture at its other end, a key, movable members mounted with said operating member and a checking device,the

said movable members being connected with erating device having a key aperture at the,-

o ther end, a key adapted to be inserted tnerein, a series of movable parts adjacent lsaid key and connected therewith, a blocking device in the path of said movable parts when. the same are brought in alinement therewith, and a movable part of different form from the others but mounted therewith, the said blocking device being out of thehpath of said member when alined therewit 3. The combination of a bolt, a movable bolt-operating device, a key constructed to engage and operate the same, a checking device' for checking the lock .operating move-A ment of said key, movable members, between said key and checking device with which said key is connected when in lockoperating position, means for holding said members normally in a predetermined position, and means on the key for moving said members from said position and in a direction anguable blocks between said key lar to said checking device, When the key is moved to lock-operating position, said means on the key and said movable members being adjustable relative to each other, and one or' said movable members being of different shape from the others and arranged to pass said checking device when brought in alinement'therewith and moved in another direction, and to permit lock-operating movement of the key.

4:. The combination of a bolt, movable bolt-operating means connected therewitlna key constructed to engage such meansl and operate the lock, a plurality oi' series of alined blocks mounted adjacent to said lockoperating means, each series adapted to move in unison, a series of devices on the key adapted to move said series of blocks when the key is moved to lock-operating position, said blocks and said key devices being interchangeable and transposable to vary their relations to members or" the same series and members ot the other series.

v5. The combination of a bolt, movable -bolt-operating n `:ans connected therewith, a kev constructed to engaee such means and J i. a

operate the lock, a plurality of series of alined blocks mounted adjacent to saidlockoperating means, each series adapted to move in unison, a series of devices on the key adapted to move said series of blocks ivben the key is moved to lock-operating position, said blocks and said key devices being interchangeable and transposable to vary their relations to men'ibers or" the same series 'and members of the other series, a checking device arranged to prevent a movement of blocks of each series of blocks, and each series of blocks having a block formed to pass said checking device and permit movement of its series and the key to operate the bolt. l

6. rflee combination oi a bolt, key device constructed to operate said bolt, mechanism intermediate the boltV and key device for transmitting movement of the latter to the former, said key device comprising a series of .transposable members having projections movable to various positions laterally and longitudinally,. a blocking member, a plurality of series of interchangedevice4 and blocking member, constructed. to engage said blocking member and said key device and prevent lateral movement or 'the lat-ter, and a block in each series constructed to pass said blocking member when in alinement therewith and permit lateral movement of the key device.

7.111 a lock the combination or" a bolt, means'for'moving the said bolt, mea-ns` for holding it in locked and unlocked position, said means acting to render the bolt moving means inoperative, a key comprising members arranged to be placed in various posisaid checking Laisser tions laterally and longitudinally thereof, and members connected with said bolt retaining means adjustable to various positions tocorrespond with the positions of the said key members, and means on one side of the lock for operating the bolt moving means Without the intervention of the key, the lock being provided with a. key opening on another side.

8. In a lock the combination of a bolt, means for moving the said bolt, means for holding it in locked and unlocked position, said means acting to render the bolt moving means inoperative, a key comprising movable members arranged to be placed in varions positions and members arranged in separate groups connected Withsaid bolt retaining holding means and adjustable to various positions to correspond With the positions or, the said key members, and means on one side ofthe -lock yfor operating the bolt moving mea-ns Without the intervention of the key, the lock being provided With a key opening on another side, said means for operating the bolt moving means being normally held against movement and means for releasing thev same connected therewith.

9; In a lock the combination of a locking device, means for moving the same to lock and unlock, means for normally holding said lock moving means in. locking and unlocking positions, a key adapted to operate the lock nioving means, means for checking the lock-operating movement of said key and' means for releasing said checking means comprising movable and transposable mem-v bers connected therewith and corresponding members connected with the key.l

l0. In a lock the combination of a locking device, means for moving the4 same to lock and unlock, means for checking said lock moving means, a key adapted to operate the lock moving means and means for releasing said checking means comprising a plurality of rods mounted to reciprocate in the lock, removable pieces carried thereby capable of being transposed one of said pieces on each rod havinga form different Vromthe others and adapted to permit the boltv moving means to operate when said piece is moved into proximity thereto, and means carried by the key ,for 'moving the said rods. s

ll. In a lock the combination of a locking device,` means formoving the same to lock and unlock, means for checking said lock moving means, a Akey adapted to operate the look moving means and means Vfor releasing Y means comprising. a. plurality 'of rods mounted to reciprocate in the lock removable pieces carried thereby capable of bein transposedone of said pieces on each rod aving a form different from the others and adapted to permit the bolt moving means to operate when moved into proxim Cil Laisse? ity thereto, and means carried by the key for moving the sind rods, including members carried thereby adjustable to various positions determininT the point in the movement of the key at which the key engages one of' said rods and the position of the said piece at the end of the key movement.

l2. In a lock the combination of a looking device` means for movingthe same to look and unlock, means for checking said iock moving means, a key adapted to operate the look moving means and means for releasing said checking means eon'iprising a plurality oi rods mounted to reciprocate in the ioek, removable pieces carried thereby Capable et being transposed one oi' said pieces on each rod havin;y a iorm dierent from the others and adapted to permit the boitmoving means to operate when moved into proximity thereto, and means carried by the 'key for moving the said rods, including members rai-rieti thereby adjustable to various positions determining the point in the movement et the key at which the key engages one of said rods and the position of the saiil piece,

at the end of the key movement, anti means also carried by the said key for operatingthe bolt moving means engaging therewith at the end of the said releasing movement.

13. in a ioek the combination o a series of siicling bars, adjustable bioeksthereon, bolt moving' means normally in the path thereof, a block carried by said bar formed to permit the boit moving means to pass, a key, means carried thereby for operating the said sliding bars, said means being adjustable to vary the extent of movement of each bar thereby, whereby the adjustment of the said operating means on the key may be varied to correspond with the position of the said bleek and to bring the said blocks of each bar opposite the path of tbe bolt operating,` means at the end of the key movement.

14. in a look the combination of a series of sliding bars, adjustable bioeks thereon, bolt moving means normally in the path thereof', a bleek carried by said bar omneti to permit the bolt moving means to pass, a key, means carried thereby for operating the said sliding bars, said means being adjusta-v ble to vary the extent of movement of each bar thereby, whereby the adjustment of the said operating meanspn the key vmay be varied to correspond with the-position of the said bleek and to bring the said blocks of eaeh bar opposite the path of the bolt operating means at the end of the key movement, and also means carried by the key for not eating` the said bolt n'ioving means at the emi of the Said last named operation.

15. The combination of a key device, compri ing' a plurality oi transposable members bearing' a plurality oi' look engaging parts, means 'for transiiosing the said members an for varying the position of the look engabin;r parte with respect to parts of the look, a fioek z leviee havingn an aperture therein t0 receive solid key device, loekengaging and releasing,` members therein and means for varying;v the position of said last named members with respect to the look engaging portions oi the key device members.

i6. The Combination of a look, provided with key aperture therein, a bolt, means i'or operating said bolt, and fixed means normally for rendering said boit operating means) inoperative, a Akey adapted to be inserteft in the said aperture, and independently estable devices carried by said key and arranged in longitudinal series thereon, whereby the bolt operating means are rendered operative through the action of said adjnstabie key devices on the insertion of the key, and separate means carried by the key `.vbereby the boit operating means, are actuated by the turning of the key, said means for renering the bolt operating means inoperative beingadjustable to various positions operate with said devices carried by the i7. The combination of a looking device having a key aperture therein and a key comprising a plurality oi removable members ariinstabie iateraily with respect to one another adapted to enter said; aperture and a shaft on which they are mounted, sani i ievabie 'members of the key being movable to ciiferent positions longitudinaiiy and iateraliy in reiation'to said shaft and one another and positioned to engage bolt operating means within the look member, and movable iook operatin means.

Witness my band this 6th da of September, i916, at the city of New ork, in the county and State of New York.-

1 ALBERT @RANDALEONE 

